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Chapter 5: Tuning and Control Series D8 User’s Guide
116 Watlow Anafaze Doc. 0600-3120-2000
Table 5.2 Integral Term and Reset Settings
As a general rule, use 60, 120, 180 or 240 as a starting value
for the integral.
Derivative Settings
The controller’s derivative parameter is programmed in sec-
onds. Some other products use a derivative term called rate
programmed in minutes. Use the table or the formula to con-
vert parameters from one form to the other. Table 5.3 shows
derivative versus rate. Rate = Derivative/60.
Table 5.3 Derivative Term Versus Rate
As a general rule, set the derivative to 15 percent of integral
as a starting value.
NOTE! While the basic PID algorithm is well defined
and widely recognized, various controllers
implement it differently. Parameters may not
be taken from one controller and applied to
another with optimum results even if the
above unit conversions are performed.
Integral
(Seconds/Repeat)
Reset
(Repeats/Minute)
Integral
(Seconds/Repeat)
Reset
(Repeats/Minute)
30 2.0 210 0.28
45 1.3 240 0.25
60 1.0 270 0.22
90 0.66 300 0.20
120 0.50 400 0.15
150 0.40 500 0.12
180 0.33 600 0.10
Derivative
(seconds)
Rate
(minutes)
Derivative
(seconds)
Rate
(minutes)
5 0.08 35 0.58
10 0.16 40 0.66
15 0.25 45 0.75
20 0.33 50 0.83
25 0.41 55 0.91
30 0.50 60 1.0
- Series D8 1
- User’s Guide 1
- Warranty 2
- Table of Contents 3
- 4 Operation and Setup 77 5
- 5 Tuning and Control 111 6
- 8 Specifications 179 8
- Glossary 197 9
- Index 205 9
- Menu Structure 213 9
- List of Figures 11
- List of Tables 15
- 8 Specifications 17
- System Overview 19
- Getting Started 20
- Product Features 20
- D8 Parts List 23
- D8x0-0000-xx0x 23
- Technical Description 24
- D8SI _ _ - _ _ - _ _ 24
- Front Panel Description 25
- Figure 1.4 D8 Front Panel 25
- D8 Cabling 26
- External Safety Devices 26
- Power-Fail Protection 27
- Installation 29
- Typical Installation 30
- Recommended Tools 31
- Mounting the Controller 31
- Figure 2.3 Wiring Clearances 32
- Figure 2.4 Mounting Bracket 33
- Mounting the TB50 34
- Mounting with Standoffs 35
- Mounting the Power Supply 36
- Mounting 37
- Dimensions 37
- System Wiring 38
- Noise Suppression 39
- Ground Loops 40
- Power Connections 41
- Table 2.2 Power Connections 42
- Connecting the TB50 to the D8 43
- Testing the System 44
- Sensor Wiring 45
- Input Wiring Recommendations 46
- Thermocouple Connections 47
- RTD Input Connections 48
- Voltage Input Connections 48
- Current Input Connections 48
- Output Wiring Recommendations 49
- Cable Tie Wraps 49
- Digital Outputs 49
- Stored in the Controller 50
- Configuring Outputs 51
- Output Connections 51
- External Power Supply 52
- CPU Watchdog Timer 52
- TB18 Connections 54
- TB50 Connections 55
- Wiring the Serial DAC 57
- Connector Type 58
- Figure 2.28 Pinout 59
- Table 2.8 DeviceNet Connector 59
- Network Length 60
- Baud Rate (Data Rate) 60
- Node Address (MAC ID) 60
- Status Indicators 61
- Indicator Light Description 62
- Communicating by DeviceNet 63
- Found Devices 65
- Table 3.1 Number of Bytes 66
- Mapping Polled I/O Data 68
- Assigning PLC Addresses 69
- Sample Ladder Logic 71
- Size of the message 75
- Non-Numeric Settings 76
- Bit-Wise Values 77
- D8 DeviceNet Overview 78
- DeviceNet Objects 79
- Message Router Object 80
- DeviceNet Object 81
- Assembly Object 81
- Poll Connection 82
- Connection Object 84
- Input Object 85
- Output Object 86
- (Instances 1 to 4 or 8) 87
- Control Object 88
- Alarm Object 89
- PV Retransmit Object 90
- Ratio Object 91
- Cascade Object 92
- Global Object 93
- (Instance 1) 94
- Operation and Setup 95
- Figure 4.2 Keypad Navigation 97
- Displays 98
- Alarm Displays 99
- How to Acknowledge an Alarm 100
- System Alarm Messages 100
- Job Display 101
- Changing the Set Point 102
- How to Access the Setup Menus 104
- How to Edit a Setup Parameter 104
- Control Algorithm 105
- Control Output Signal Forms 105
- Heat and Cool Outputs 105
- Feedback 105
- Setting Up a Process Input 106
- Figure 4.6 Input Scaling 107
- Situation 107
- Table 4.4 Input Readings 108
- Table 4.5 Scaling Values 108
- Autotuning 109
- Prerequisites 110
- How to Autotune a Loop 110
- Setting Up Alarms 111
- Thermocouple Open Alarm 112
- Thermocouple Reversed Alarm 112
- Thermocouple Short Alarm 112
- RTD Open and RTD Fail Alarms 112
- Process Alarms 113
- Alarm High and Alarm Low 114
- Deviation Alarms 114
- Global Alarm 115
- Variable Retransmit 117
- Variable Retransmit Example 117
- Setting Up Cascade Control 118
- Loop Has Heat Output Only 119
- How To Set Up Cascade Control 120
- Setting Up Ratio Control 122
- How to Set Up Ratio Control 123
- Loop (Loop 2) in the Example 124
- Loop (Loop 2) for the Example 125
- Loop (Loop 1) in the Example 126
- Tuning and Control 129
- On/Off Control 130
- Proportional Control (P) 130
- Proportional 131
- Proportional Band Settings 133
- Integral Settings 133
- Derivative Settings 134
- Proportional Band Only (P) 135
- Control Outputs 136
- Analog Outputs 137
- Output Filter 138
- Reverse and Direct Action 138
- Menu and Parameter Reference 139
- Set Point 140
- Heat/Cool Output 140
- Overview of the Setup Menus 141
- >< 142
- Global Setup Menu 143
- BCD Job Load 144
- BCD Job Load Logic 144
- Mode Override 145
- Power Up Alarm Delay 146
- Power Up Loop Mode 146
- Keypad Lock 147
- AC Line Frequency 147
- Digital Output Alarm Polarity 147
- Baud Rate 148
- Module LED 148
- Network LED 148
- Bus Off Count 148
- Input Menu 149
- Loop Name 150
- Input Units 150
- Calibration Offset 150
- Display Format 151
- Input Range High 152
- Input High Signal 152
- Input Range Low 153
- Input Low Signal 153
- Input Filter 153
- Control Menu 154
- Heat/Cool Integral 155
- Heat/Cool Derivative 155
- Heat/Cool Manual Reset 155
- Heat/Cool Filter 155
- Hysteresis 156
- Restore Automatic Mode 156
- Output Menu 157
- Heat/Cool Cycle Time 158
- Heat/Cool SDAC Signal 158
- Heat/Cool SDAC Low Signal 158
- Heat/Cool SDAC High Signal 158
- Heat/Cool Action 159
- Heat/Cool Power Limit 159
- Heat/Cool Power Limit Time 159
- Sensor Fail Heat/Cool Output 160
- Alarms Menu 161
- Alarm High Output 162
- Alarm High Function 162
- High Deviation Value 163
- High Deviation Function 163
- High Deviation Output 163
- Low Deviation Value 163
- Low Deviation Function 163
- Low Deviation Output 164
- Alarm Low Set Point 164
- Alarm Low Function 164
- Alarm Low Output 164
- Alarm Hysteresis 165
- Alarm Delay 165
- Heat/Cool Output Retransmit 166
- Cascade Menu 167
- Ratio Menu 168
- I/O Tests Menu 169
- Digital Inputs 170
- Keypad Test 170
- Display Test 170
- Test Digital Output 1 to 20 171
- Alarm Acknowledge 171
- Alarm Enable 171
- Alarm Function 172
- Alarm Status 172
- Ambient Sensor Reading 173
- Inactivity Fault 174
- When There is a Problem 175
- Returning a Unit 176
- Ambient Warning 178
- Failed Sensor Alarms 178
- System Alarms 178
- Other Behaviors 179
- Descriptions 180
- Low Power 181
- Battery Dead 181
- H/W Error: Gain or Offset 182
- H/W Error: Ambient 183
- Keys Do Not Work 184
- Checking Analog Inputs 184
- Earth Grounding 185
- Testing the TB18 and TB50 186
- Clearing the RAM 187
- Installing Scaling Resistors 190
- Current Inputs 191
- Voltage Inputs 192
- RTD Inputs 193
- SERIAL DAC 194
- Configuring Dual DAC Outputs 195
- Specifications 197
- 96 mm (3.78 in) 198
- Table 8.4 D8 Connections 199
- Figure 8.3 TB50 Dimensions 200
- Table 8.6 TB50 Connections 200
- SCSI Cable 201
- Table 8.9 Analog Inputs 203
- Resolution 204
- Table 8.13 Digital Inputs 205
- Power Supply 207
- Dual DAC Specifications 209
- Dual DAC Inputs 210
- Dual DAC Analog Outputs 210
- Serial DAC Specifications 211
- Serial DAC Inputs 212
- Serial DAC Analog Outputs 213
- Declaration of Conformity 214
- Glossary 215
- — A po wer switching 220
- 68, 132 223
- 83, 164 225
- Index Series D8 User’s Guide 230
- Menu Structure 231
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